2010年12月13日星期一

Mount Emei-Leshan Giant Buddha Statue


 Emei Mountain and Leshan Giant Buddha Statue were jointly listed as Dual World Cultural-Natural Heritage by UNESCOWHC in 1996 .

 Situated seven kilometers southwest of Emeishan City in Sichuan province , Emei Mountain is one of the four famous Buddhist mountains in China . It has four high ridges , called First , Second , Third and Fourth Emei Mountains . It extends more than 200 km. Both ways , Its chief peak is called Ten-Thousand-Buddha Summit , towering 3,099 meters above seal level . It is massive and magnificent , green and rocky . Since ancient times , "elegant Emei in the world" has been famed . In the Eastern Han dynasty , there were already some temples on Emei Mountain . In the Jin Dynasty , Buddhism already had a foothold on Emei Mountain , In the Jin , Tang , Ming and Qing Dynasties , there were more than 150 temples built here . Samantabhadra Bodhisattva is worshipped in most of the temples . Now there are more than ten chief temples and scenic spots , including Bao Guo Temple , Wan Nian Temple , Tiger Ambush Temple , Qing Yin Hall ,Black Dragon River Plank Roadway , Hong Chun Level Space , Xian Feng Temple (Nine Elders Cave) , Elephant Washing Pool , Golden Summit , etc . At the different altitudes the climate differs greatly
The higher mountainous area belongs to the semi-frigid climate . The lower mountainous area belongs to the sub-tropical climate . There is a 15℃ temperature difference between the foot and the summit , so , there is a great variety of plants and animals : There are up to 3,000 kinds of plants and 2,000 kinds of animals , and Emei Mountain is known as a "natural museum.".

  Going from Bao Guo Temple at he foot upward fifteen kilometers , one reaches Wan Nian Temple . Wan Nian Temple is one of the main temples on Emei Mountain , built in the reign of Emperor Longan of the Jin Dynasty , called then Samantabhadra Temple . The temple has now two halls . In the Beamless Hall is a copper statue of Samantabhadra Bodhisattva riding a six-tusk white elephant . the copper status is 7.3-meters high and weighs 62 tons , cast in the 5th . year of the reign of Tianguo of Emperor Tai in the Northern Song Dynasty (980 A.D. ) .

 Xian Feng Temple is at the foot of the Nine Elders Peak . On its right is the unfathomable Nine Elders Cave . In its proximity is the habitat of monkeys . Tiger Ambush Temple is at the foot of Fu Hu Peak , about one kilometer from Bao Guo Temple . It has a building area of 13,000 sq. m. and is one of the large temples on Emei Mountain .

 The Golden Summit is the highest peak of Emei Mountain , 3,065 meters above the sea-level . Golden Summit Temple here was built in the Eastern Han Dynasty , named originally Pu Guang Hall . It is one of the ancient temples on Emei Mountain . On the Golden Summit there are often thunders and lightning . Looking into the distance from the summit one can see the four wonders of "sunrise" , "cloud sea" , "Buddhist halo" and "Sacred Lamp" . Most striking is the "Buddhist Halo" : Around three o'clock in the afternoon the sunlight is diffracted through the vapor in the air , and forms a beautiful ring of light , that is the "Buddhist halo at the Golden summit" .

 Leshan Giant Buddha Statue is located in Leshan city of Sichuan province . It is carved on the western cliff of Mount Lingyun on the east side of the Min River , at the juncture of the three rivers : the Ming River , the Qing Yi River and the Dadu River . Chiseled out on a precipice , it is the biggest rock-carved sitting Buddha statue in China . It is 70.7-meters high and 24-meters wide from shoulder to shoulder . Bulky as it is , it is superbly carved and well proportioned . On it is a drainage system to alleviate water and wind erosion .

 The chiseling of the statue started in the first year of the reign of Kaiyuan of Emperor Xuan (713) of the Tang Dynasty , and was completed ninety years later in the nineteenth year of the reign of Zhenyuan of Emperor De (803) of the Tang Dynasty . When the statue was completed , a 60 m . wide 7 storeyed Buddha Hall with 13 tiers of eaves was built and the statue was painted in red and inlaid with jade . On the right side cliff , a steep plank roadway in nine bends was constructed , known as the "nine bends plank roadway".

 
2010-12-13

Xuxifenglily

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